Chromatography Technique
What is mean by Chromatography?
Chromatography is a Technique used to separate and analyze the components of a mixture.
It involves passing a mixture through a stationary phase i.e. column, which may be a solid or liquid and a mobile phase, which may be a liquid or gas. The components of the mixture will interact differently with the stationary and mobile phases and thus will be separated based on their chemical properties. The separated compound in the column is detected by the detector and each compound is identified and quantified.
Chromatogram is a result of chromatography and chromatograph is instrument used to conduct chromatography.
What are the Main Components of chromatography :
- Stationary Phase (Column)
- Mobile Phase
- Detectors
- Recorders
Types of Chromatography ?
There are several types of Chromatography, which are classified based on the below Three criteria.
- Based on mechanism of Separation i.e. Principle
- Based on Mobile phase
- Based on shape of Chromatographic Bed i.e. Stationary Phase.
Now will see one by one Chromatographic classification or Types :
1. Based on Mechanism of Separation i.e. Principle
I. Adsorption Chromatography : e.g. : HPLC / Gas Chromatography
II. Partition Chromatography : e.g. : Paper Chromatography
III. Ion Exchange Chromatography :
IV. Size exclusion Chromatography :
2. Based on Mobile phase :
I. Liquid chromatography : Mobile Phase is in Liquid state
II. Gas Chromatography : Mobile phase is in Gaseous state
3. Based on Chromatographic Bed :
I. Planner Chromatography – Purification/Separation will happen on plain surface (e.g.: Paper Chromatography/ Thin Layer Chromatography.)
II . Column Chromatography : Purification and separation will be happen in Packed/Tubular Column.
